Important Battles Fought in India - Indian history

Battle of Kalinga 261 B.C.-

1. The Kalinga War was fought in what is now India between the Maurya Empire under Ashoka and the state of Kalinga
2. Kalinga is an ancient name of coastal Orissa.

Battle of Tarain or Thaneswar

The Battles of Tarain, also known as the Battles of Taraori, were fought in 1191 and 1192 near the town of Tarain (Taraori), near Thanesar in present-day Haryana, approximately 150 kilometres north of Delhi, India, between a Ghurid force led by Mu'izz al-Din or Mohd. Ghori and a Chauhan Rajput army led by Prithviraj Chauhan.

1. First Battle - 1191 Prithvi Raj Chauhan defeated Mohammed Ghori.
2. Second Battle - 1192 Mohammed Ghori defeated Prithvi Raj Chauhan.
3. The third battle of Tarain -1216 Shamshuddin Iltutmish (1211-1236), the king of the Mamluk dynasty, also known as Slave dynasty, captured Taj al-Din Yildiz in a battle at Tarain and then executed him at Budaun in the same year.

First Battle of Panipat

The First Battle of Panipat, on 21 April 1526, was fought between the invading forces of Babur and the Lodi Kingdom. It took place in north India and marked the beginning of the Mughal Empire. This was one of the earliest battles involving gunpowder firearms and field artillery in the Indian subcontinent which were introduced by Mughals in this battle.Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodhi.

Battle of Khanwah - 1527

• The Battle of Khanwa was fought between the invading forces of the first Mughal Emperor Babur and the Rajput forces led by Rana Sanga of Mewar, after the Battle of Panipat.

Battle of Chanderi  - 1528

• Upon reaching Chanderi, on January 20, 1528, Babur offered Shamsabad to Medini Rao in exchange for Chanderi as a peace overture, but the offer was rejected by Rao. The outer fortress of Chanderi was taken by Babur's army at night, and the next morning the upper fort was captured. Babur himself expressed surprise that the upper fort had fallen within an hour of the final assault.
• Medini Rai organized the Jauhar ceremony during which women and children within the fortress were killed.A small number of soldiers also collected in Medini Rao's house and proceeded to slay each other in collective suicide.

Battle of Ghaghra - 1529

• The Battle of Ghaghra, fought in 1529, was a major battle for the conquest of India by the Mughal Empire.

Battle of Chausa  - 1539

• The Battle of Chausa was a notable military engagement between the Mughal emperor, Humayun, and the Afghan, Sher Shah Suri. It was fought on 26 June 1539 at Chausa, 10 miles southwest of Buxar in modern-day Bihar, India. Sher Shah was victorious and crowned himself Farīd al-Dīn Shēr Shah

Battle of Kannauj - 1540

• This battle was fought in 1540. Both sides consolidated their forces. Both the armies met at Kannauj. This battle ended the Mughal Empire. In the battle of Kannauj the Afghan soliders were able to run away the Mughal army.

Battle of Tughlaqabad (Battle of Delhi) - 1556

• The Battle of Tughlaqabad was a notable battle fought between Hemu, the general and chief minister of Adil Shah Suri, and the forces of the Mughal led by Tardi Beg Khan at Tughlaqabad near Delhi.
• The battle ended in a decisive victory for Hemu who took possession of Delhi and claimed royal status, assuming the title of "Raja Vikramaditya"

Second Battle of Panipat - 1556

• The Second Battle of Panipat was fought on November 5, 1556, between the forces of Hem Chandra Vikramaditya, the Hindu king at Delhi and forces of Muslim invader Akbar.

Battle of Talikota - 1565

• United alliance between Bijapur, Bidar, Ahmednagar and Golkonda under Hussain Nizam Shah defeated Ram Raja of Vijayanagar.
• It destroyed the Hindu Kingdom of Vijayanagar.

Name of Battle	Date	Place	Winner	Loser	Effect
Battle of Tarain	1191	Tarain	Prithvi Raj of Chauhan Dynasty	Muhammad of Ghor	-
Second Battle of Tarain	1192	Tarain	Muhammad of Ghor	Prithvi Raj of Chauhan Dynasty	Mohammad got the opportunity to enter Indian lands.
Battle of Chandawar	1194	Chandawar	Muhammad of Ghor	Jaichandra, King of Kanauj	Mohammad further extended his empire in India by defeating a large kingdom.
Battle of Panipat	(11-April-1526)	Panipat	Babur	Sultan Ibrahim Lodhi	By this victory Babur got opportunity to expand his small principality into big empire
Battle of Khanwa	17-March-1527	Khanwa	Babur	Rajputs under Rana Sanga
Battle of Chanderi	(1528)	Chanderi	Babur	Medini Rai of Chanderi	-
Battle of Ghagra or Gogara	(6-May-1529)	Ghagra	Babur	Afghans	Afghans are defeated
Battle of Chausa	(7-June-1539)	Chausa	Shershah	Humayun	-
Battle of Kanauj	(17-May-1540)	Kanauj	Shershah	Humayun	Agra was occupied by Sher shah
Battle for Tughlaqabad (1556)	7 October 1556	Tughlaqabad Fort Area - Delhi	Hemu	Akbar	Hemu defeated the forces of Akbar and got title 'Vikramaditya', of North India.
Second Battle of Panipat	(5-November-1556)	Panipat	Akbar	Hemu	Akbar reoccupied Delhi.
Battle of Bannihatti or Tallikota	(23-January-1565)	Tallikota	Ali adilshah and four others	Aliya Rama Raya	Vijayanagara empire starts declining
Battle of Haldighati	(1576)	Haldighati	Raja Man Singh(General of Mughal emperor Akbar)	Rana Pratap Singh of Mewar
First Carnatic	(1745–48)	Carnatic region of South India	French East India Company	British East India Company
Second Carnatic War	(1749–54)	Carnatic region of South India	British East India Company	French East India Company	French loss their expanding opportunities. Continued as trading community in India.
Third Carnatic War	(1756–63)	Carnatic region of South India	British East India Company	French East India Company	-
Battle of Plassey	(June-1757)	Plassey	British under Clive	Siraj ud-Daulah	British win a major battle in India and later they ruled India.
Battle of Buxar	(1764)	Buxar	Sir Hector Munro commander of British forces	Shuja-ud-Daula Nawab Mir Qasim Shah Alam II, 1790s